How do energy systems work in Togo?

Energy systems in many countries, including Togo, is illustrated by a balance between centralised and distributed energy system – which is mostly used nowadays to improve energy reliability and independence by providing a more stable electricity supply (Kursun et al. 2015; Liu et al. 2019; CEET 2020; SOFRECO 2010).

What is the main source of energy in Togo?

Presently, the main source of energy in Togo is electricity. The rate of access to electricity in Togo is increasing (from 17% in 2000 to 45% in 2018), but with large differences between urban (access rate = 88.8%) and rural areas (access rate = 8%) (Energypedia 2020).

Are wood biomasses bad for Togo?

The wood biomasses used in Togo are usually unclean and highly pollutant when burnt, and can slow down economic growth by lowering productivity when unclean and inefficient sources are used as illustrated by Maji, Sulaiman, and Abdul-Rahim 2019.

What will be a new power plant in Togo?

Another addition will be the planned coal-fired thermal power plant, the international and regional connection program with 2 transmission lines of 330 KV and 4 transmission lines of 161 KV, the construction of a 10 MW solar plant in Mango, and 5 MW in Kara (Togo PND 2018).

How does energy consumption affect the economy in Togo?

Besides, its excessive consumption may sometimes lead to massive environmental pollution which takes a negative toll on the economy as illustrated by Qudrat-Ullah and Nevo (2021). Presently, the main source of energy in Togo is electricity.

What is the rate of access to electricity in Togo?

The rate of access to electricity in Togo is increasing (from 17% in 2000 to 45% in 2018), but with large differences between urban (access rate = 88.8%) and rural areas (access rate = 8%) (Energypedia 2020). Total electricity production in 2018 was 385.62 GWh between the Electricity Company of Togo (CEET) and Contour Global Togo (CGT) as shown in